Bibliography of Western-Language Sources on Medicine in East Asia

Compiled by Marta Hanson, with contributions from Yi-Li Wu. Please feel free to contact us if you know of sources that should be included here. We would also be interested in posting reviews or comments on any of the books listed below.

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Topics:


Asian Medicine: General
Chinese Medicine: History and Anthropology
Western Medicine in China
Translations of Chinese Medical Texts
Chinese Materia Medica and Botany
Traditional Chinese Medicine: popular introductions to practice
Traditional Chinese Medicine: clinical textbooks for practitioners
T'ai Chi Ch’uan translated texts and practice
Journals and Newsletters of Interest
Medicine in Japan: History and Anthropology
Medicine in Korea: Anthropology


Asian Medicine: General

Bates, Donald. 1995. _Knowledge and the scholarly medical traditions_. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Hashimoto, Keiji; Catherine Jami; and Lowell Skar, eds. 1995. _East Asian Science: Tradition and Beyond_. Papers from the Seventh International Conference on the History of Science in East Asia, Kyoto 2-7 August 1993. (Has many papers on medicine in China, Japan, and Korea.)

Jannetta, Ann. 1993. "Disease Ecologies in East Asia." In Kenneth Kiple, ed. _The Cambridge History and Geography of Human Disease_, pp. 476-482.

Kiple, Kenneth, ed. 1993. _The Cambridge History and Geography of Human Disease_. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kleinman, Arthur et al., eds. 1975. _Medicine in Chinese Cultures: Comparative Studies in Health Care in China and Other Societies_. Washington, D.C.: Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. (Papers from a conference held in Seattle, February, 1974.)

____. 1977. _Culture and Healing in Asian Societies: Anthropological, Psychiatric and Public Health Studies_. Cambridge, Mass. Schenkman Publishing Company.

Kuriyama, Shigehisa. 1993. "Concepts of Disease in East Asia." In Kenneth Kiple, ed. _The Cambridge History and Geography of Human Disease_, pp. 52-59.

Laderman, Carol. 1991. _Taming the Wind of Desire: Psychology, Medicine, and Aesthetics in Malay Shamanistic Performance_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

____. 1983. _Wives and Midwives: Childbirth and Nutrition in Rural Malaysia_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Leslie, Charles, ed. 1976. _Asian Medical Systems: A Comparative Study_. Berkeley: Los Angeles, London: University of California Press.

____. 1980. "Medical Pluralism." _Social Science and Medicine_ 14B no. 4:191-296.

____. 1983. "New research on traditional medicine in South Asia." _Social Science and Medicine_ 17.14:933-989.

Leslie, Charles; Allan Young, eds. 1992. _Paths to Asian Medical Knowledge_. Comparative Studies of Health Systems and Medical Care. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Lock, Margaret, and Deborah Gordon, eds. 1988. _Biomedicine Examined_. Dordrecht, Holland: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

McElroy, Ann; Patricia K. Townsend, eds. 1996. _Medical Anthropology in Ecological Perspective_. Third Edition. Boulder, Co.: Westview Press.

Nichter, Mart, 1989. _Anthropology and International Health: South Asian Case Studies_. Dordrecht, Holland: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Ogawa, Teizo, ed. 1986. _History of Traditional Medicine: Proceedings of the 1st and 2nd International Symposia on the Comparative History of Medicine - East and West._ Osaka: Taniguchi Foundation, Division of Medical History. (One of several volumes with papers on Chinese medicine but few are comparative.)

Rechung, Rinpoche. 1976. _Tibetan Medicine: Illustrated in Original Texts Presented and Translated by the Venerable Rechung Rinpoche Jampal Kunzang_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Roseman, Marina. 1991. _Healing Sounds from the Malaysian Rainforest: Temiar Music and Medicine_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Scheper-Hughes, Nancy; and Margaret Lock. 1989. "The Mindful Body: A Prolegomenon to Future Work in Medical Anthropology." _Medical Anthropology Quarterly_, 1:6-41.

Ullman, Manfred. 1978. _Islamic Medicine_. Islamic Surveys II. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Zimmerman, Francis. 1987. _The Jungle and the Aroma of Meats: An Ecological Theme in Hindu Medicine_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Zysk, Kenneth Gregory. 1985. _Religious Healing in the Veda, with Translations and Annotations of Medical Hymns from the Rgveda and the Atharvaveda._ Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.

____. 1991. _Asceticism and Healing in Ancient India. Medicine in the Buddhist Monastery_. New York: Oxford University Press.

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Chinese Medicine: History and Anthropology

Agren, Hans. 1986. "Chinese Traditional Medicine: Temporal Order and Synchronous Events." In J.T. Fraser, N. Lawrence, and F.C. Haber, eds. _Time, Science, and Society in China and the West: The Study of Time_ 5, pp. 211-18. Amherst: The University of Massachusetts.

____. 1982. "The Conceptual History of Psychiatric Terms in Traditional Chinese Medicine." In Li Guohao et al eds., _Explorations in the History of Science and Technology in China_, pp. 573-581.

____. 1977. "Empiricism and Speculation in Traditional East Asian Medicine." _Nihon ishigaku zasshi_. 23.2:300-317 (4-21).

____. 1975. "Patterns of Tradition and Modernization in Contemporary Chinese Medicine." In Kleinman et al, eds. _Medicine in Chinese Cultures_.

Ames, Roger T. 1984. "The Meaning of Body in Classical Chinese Thought." _International Philosophical Quarterly_ 24.1:39-54.

Anagost, Ann. 1988. "Family violence and magical violence: the woman as victim in China’s one-child family policy." _Women and Language_ XI.2:16-22.

Ahern, Emily. 1975. "Sacred and Secular Medicine in a Taiwan Village: A Study of Cosmological Disorders." In Kleinman et al, _Medicine in Chinese Cultures_.

____. 1975. "Power and Pollution of Chinese Women." In Margery Wolf and Roxane Witke, eds. _Women in Chinese Society_. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 193-214.

Andrews, Bridie. 1996. _The Making of Chinese Medicine, 1895-1937_. Ph.D., Cambridge University, Cambridge, England.

____. 1991. "Wang Qingren and the history of Chinese anatomy." _Journal of Chinese Medicine_ 36 (May):30-36.

Benedict, Carol. 1996. _Bubonic Plague in Nineteenth-Century China_. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

____. 1996. "Framing Plague in China’s Past." In Gail Hershatter, et al. eds., _Remapping China: Fissures in Historical Terrain_, pp. 27-41. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

____. 1993. "Policing the Sick: Plague and the Origins of State Medicine in Late Imperial China." _Late Imperial China_ 14.2: 60-77.

____. 1988. "Bubonic Plague in Nineteenth-Century China." _Modern China_ 14.2:107-55.

Bowers, John Z.; J. William Hess; Nathan Sivin, eds. 1988. _Science and Medicine in Twentieth-Century China: Research and Education. Science, Medicine, & Technology in East Asia series, vol. 3. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Center for Chinese Studies.

Bray, Francesca. 1995. "A deathly disorder: understanding women’s health in late imperial China." In Don Bates, ed., _Knowledge and the scholarly medical traditions_, pp. 235-250.

____. 1994. "Meanings of motherhood: reproductive technologies and their uses in Late Imperial China." Paper presented at the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population workshop on abortion and infanticide. Kyoto. October.

____. 1993. "Chinese medicine." In W.F. Bynum, and Roy Porter, eds., _Companion Encyclopedia of the History of Medicine_ I:728-54. London/New York: Routledge.

____. 1990. "Abortion in China 1600-1900: Ethics and Identity." Unpublished paper presented at the 6th International Conference of the History of Science in China, Cambridge, England, August

Cass, Victoria. 1986. "Female Healers in the Ming and the Lodge of Ritual and Ceremony." _Journal of the American Oriental Society_ 106,1(January-March 1986):233-240. (Female medical personnel in the Ming court)

Chang, Chia-feng. 1995. "Strategies of Dealing with Smallpox in the Early Qing Imperial Family (1633-1799)." In Hashimoto, Jami, and Skar eds., _East Asian Science: Tradition and Beyond, pp. 199-206.

Chen, C.C. 1989. _Medicine in Rural China: A Personal Account_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Chiu, Martha Li. 1981. "Insanity in Imperial China. A Legal Case Study." In Kleinman & Lin ed. 1981, pp. 75-94.

____. 1986. _Mind, Body, and Illness in a Chinese Medical Tradition_. Ph.D. dissertation, History and East Asian Languages, Harvard University.

Croizier, Ralph. 1976. "The Ideology of Medical Revivalism in Modern China." From Charles Leslie, ed., _Asian Medical Systems_.

Cullen, Christopher. 1993. "Patients and Healers in Late Imperial China: Evidence from the _Jinpingmei_." _History of Science_, vol. 31, 2: 99-150.

Despeux, Catherine. 1990. _Immortelles de la Chine Ancienne: Taoisme et alchimie feminine_. Paris: Pardes.

DeWoskin, Kenneth, translator. 1983. _Doctors, Diviners, and Magicians of Ancient China: Biographies of Fang-shi_. New York: Columbia University Press.

Dungeon, John. 1877. _The Diseases of China their Causes, Conditions, and Prevalence Contrasted with those of Europe_. Glasgow: Dunn & Wright.

Dunstan, Helen. 1975. "The Late Ming Epidemics: A Preliminary Survey. " _Ch’ing shih wen-t’i_ 3.3:1-59.

Elvin, Mark, et al. eds. 1980. "Symposium: The Work of Joseph Needham." _Past and Present_ 87:17-53.

Epler, D.C. 1980. "Bloodletting in early Chinese medicine and its relation to the origin of acupuncture." _Bulletin of the History of Medicine_ 54:337-67.

____. 1988. "The Concept of Disease in an Ancient Chinese Medical Text, The Discourse on Cold-Damage Disorders (_Shang-han Lun_)." _The Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences_ 43.2:8-35.

Farquhar, Judith. 1996. "‘Medicine and the Changes are One’: An Essay in Divination Healing with Commentary." _Chinese Science_ 13:107-134.

____. 1995. "Re-writing traditional medicine in post-Maoist China." In Don Bates, ed., _Knowledge and the scholarly medical traditions_, pp. 251-276.

____. 1994. _Knowing Practice: The Clinical Encounter of Chinese Medicine. Studies in the Ethnographic Imagination_. Boulder, CO.: Westview Press.

____. 1994. "Multiplicity, Point of View, and Responsibility in Traditional Chinese Healing." In Angela Zito and Tani E. Barlow eds., _Body, Subject, & Power in China_, pp. 78-99. Chicago: University of Chicago.

____. 1992. "Time and Text: Approaching Chinese Medical Practice through Analysis of a Published Case." In Leslie and Young, eds., _Paths to Asian Medical Knowledge_, pp. 62-73.

____. 1992. "Rewriting traditional medicine in post-Maoist China." Paper presented at the Conference on Epistemology and the Scholarly Medical Traditions, Montreal, 13-16 May.

____. 1991. "Objects, Processes, and Female Infertility in Chinese Medicine." _Medical Anthropology Quarterly (NS)_ 5.4 (December):370-399.

____. 1990-1991. "Body Contingency and Healing Power in Traditional Chinese Medicine." _Discours Social/Social Discourse_ 3.304:3-70.

____. 1988. "Speech, Text, and Silence: Text Production and the Unsaid in the Contemporary Practice of Chinese Medicine." Paper presented at the Fifth International Conference on the History of Science in China, San Diego, California, August 5-10.

____. 1987. "Problems of Knowledge in Contemporary Chinese Medical Discourse." _Social Science and Medicine_ 24.12:1013-1021.

____. 1986. _Knowledge and Practice in Chinese Medicine_. Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago.

Fisher, Carney T. 1988. "Smallpox, Salesmen, and Sectarians: Ming-Mongol Relations in the Jiajing Reign (1522-67)." _Ming Studies_ 25:1-23.

Furth, Charlotte. 1996. "From Birth to Birth: the Growing Body in Chinese Medicine." In Anne Behnke Kinney, ed., _Chinese Views of Childhood_, pp.157-192.

____. 1994. "Rethinking Van Gulik: sexuality and reproduction in traditional Chinese medicine." In Christina K. Gilmartin, Gail Hershatter, Lisa Rofel, and Tyrene White, eds. _Engendering China: Women, Culture, and the State_, pp. 125-46. Berkeley: University of California Press.

____. 1990. "Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Anthropology of Menstruation in Contemporary Taiwan." Unpublished paper.

____. 1989. "Kinship, Class, and Gender in Ch’ing Dynasty Medical Cases." Unpublished manuscript.

____. 1988. "Androgynous Males and Deficient Females: Biology and Gender Boundaries in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century China." _Late Imperial China_. 9.2:1- 31.

____. 1987. "Concepts of Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Infancy in Ch’ing Dynasty China." _The Journal of Asian Studies_ 46.1:7-35.

____. 1986. "Blood, Body, and Gender: Medical Images of the Female Condition in China, 1600-1850." _Chinese Science_ 7:43-66.

Hanson, Marta. 1995. "Merchants of Medicine: Huizhou mercantile consciousness, morality, and medical patronage in seventeenth-century China." In Hashimoto, et al., eds., _East Asian Science: Tradition and Beyond_, pp. 207-14.

Harper, Donald J. 1982. "The ‘Wu Shih Erh Ping Fang’: Translation and Prolegomena." Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley.

____. 1987. "The Sexual Arts of Ancient China as Described in a Manuscript of the Second Century B.C." _Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies_ 47.2:539-593

Hay, John. 1983a. "Arterial art." _Stone Lion Review_ 11:70-84.

____. 1983b. "The human body as microcosmic source for macrocosmic values in calligraphy." In Susan Bush and Christian Murck ed., _Theories of the Arts in China_, pp. 74-103. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Henriot, Christian. 1992. "Medicine, VD and Prostitution in Pre-Revolutionary China." _Social History of Medicine_ 5.1: 95-120

Ho, Peng-yoke; F.P. Lisowski. 1993. _Concepts of Chinese Science and Traditional Healing Arts: A Historical Review_. Singapore: World Scientific.

Hoizey, Dominique and Marie-Joseph. 1993. _A History of Chinese Medicine_. Translated by Paul Bailey. Vancouver: UBC Press.

Hsu, Elisabeth. 199. "The reception of Western medicine in China: examples from Yunnan." In P. Petitjean, et al. eds., _Science and Empires_, pp. 89-101. Amsterdam: Kluwer.

Hymes, Robert. 1987. "Not Quite Gentlemen? Doctors in Sung and Yuan." _Chinese Science_ 8:9-76.

Idema, Wilt. 1977. "Diseases and Doctors, Drugs and Cures: A Very Preliminary List of Passages of Medical Interest in a Number of Traditional Novels and Related Plays." _Chinese Science_ 2:37-63.

Katz, Paul. 1995. _Demon Hordes and Burning Boats: The Cult of Marshal Wen in Late Imperial Chekiang_. SUNY Series in Chinese Local Studies. Albany: SUNY Press.

____. 1987. "Demons or Deities: the _Wangye_ of Taiwan." _Asian Folklore Studies_48.2:

Keegan, David. 1990. _The Forms of a Tradition: The Structure and History of the Huang-ti nei-ching_. Ph.D. dissertation, History, University of California, Berkeley.

Kinney, Anne Behnke, ed. 1996. _Chinese Views of Childhood_. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

Klein, Heinz. 1987. _Les Théories Hermétiques de la Médicine Traditionnelle en Chine: Recherches sur la vie et l’oeuvre de Chang Chieh-pin médicin-philosphe de l’époque des Ming_. Paris: Dervy-Livres.

Kleinman, Arthur. 1988. _The Illness Narratives: Suffering, healing, and the human condition_. New York: Basic Books.

____. 1986. _Social Origins of Distress and Disease: Depression, Neurasthenia, and Pain in Modern China_. New Haven; London: Yale University Press.

____. 1980. _Patients and Healers in the Context of Culture: An Exploration of Borderland between Anthropology, Medicine, and Psychiatry_. Comparative Studies of Health Systems and Medical Care no. 3. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

____; and Tsung-yi Lin, eds. 1981. _Normal and Abnormal Behavior in Chinese Culture_. (Culture, Illness, and Healing. Studies in Comparative Cross-Cultural Research, 2). Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company.

Kohn, Livia, ed. 1989. _Taoist Meditation and Longevity Techniques_. Michigan Monographs in Chinese Studies, Vol. 61.

Kuriyama, Shigehisa. 1994. "The Imagination of Winds and the Development of the Chinese Conception of the Body." In Angela Zito and Tani E. Barlow eds., _Body, Subject, & Power in China_, pp. 23-41. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

____. 1995. "Visual Knowledge in Classical Chinese Medicine." In Don Bates, ed., _Knowledge and the scholarly medical traditions_, pp. 205-234.

____. 1987. "Pulse Diagnosis in the Greek and Chinese Traditions." In Yosio Kawakita, ed. _History of Diagnostics_, pp. 43-67. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on the Comparative History of Medicine - East and West. Osaka: Taniguchi Foundation.

Leung, Angela Ki Che. 1996. "Relief Institutions for Children in Nineteenth-Century China." In Anne Behnke Kinney, ed., _Chinese Views of Childhood_, pp. 251-278.

____. 1987. "Organized Medicine in Ming-Qing China: State and Private Medical Institutions in the Lower Yangzi Region." _Late Imperial China_ 8.1:134-66.

____. 1984. "Autour de la naissance: la mère et l’enfant en Chine aux XIVe et XVIIe si"cles." _Cahiers Internationaux de Sociologie_ 76.

Levi, Jean. 1989. "The body: the Daoist coat of arms." In Michele Feher, ed., _Fragments for a History of the Human Body_, pp. 105-26. New York: Zone.

Li Guohao et al. eds. 1982. _Explorations in the History of Science and Technology in China_. In honor of the eightieth birthday of Dr. Joseph Needham. Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House.

Li -yuan. 1976. "Shamanism in Taiwan: an Anthropological Inquiry." In William P. Lebra, ed. _Culture-bound Syndromes, Ethnopsychiatry, and Alternative Therapies_, pp. X-X.

Lu Dong; Ma Xi; and François Thahn, eds. 1995. _Les maux épidémiques dans l’empire chinois_. Paris: Editions L’Harmattan.

Lu Gwei-djen and Joseph Needham. 1986. _Celestial Lancets: A History & Rationale of Acupuncture & Moxa_. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

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Ma, Kanwen. 1983. "Obstetrics in Ancient China." _Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on the Comparative History of Medicine, East and West_.

Martin, Katherine Gould. 1975. "Medical Systems in a Taiwan Village: Ong-ie-kong, the Plague God as Modern Physician." In Kleinman et al, eds., _Medicine in Chinese Cultures_.

Miyasita, Saburo. 1967. "A Link in the Westward Transmission of Chinese Anatomy in the Later Middle Ages." _Isis_ 58.4:486-90. Reprinted in Sivin 1977:200-204.

Needham, Joseph, et al. 1959 to present. _Science and Civilisation in China_. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

____; Lu Gwei-djen; Ho Peng-Yoke. 1970. _Clerks and Craftsmen in China and the West: Lectures and Addresses on the History of Science and Technology_. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Includes five essays on the social background of Chinese medicine: "Medicine and Chinese Culture" (pp. 263-293), "Proto-endocrinology in Medieval China" (pp. 294-315), "Hygiene and Preventive Medicine in Ancient China" (pp. 340-378), "China and the Origin of Qualifying Examinations in Medicine" (pp. 379- 395).

____; and Lu Gwei-djen. 1967. "Records of Diseases in Ancient China." In Don Brothwell and A. T. Sandison, eds., _Diseases in Antiquity_ (Springfield, Ill: Charles C. Thomas), pp. 222-37.

Ots, Thomas. 1990. "The angry liver, the anxious heart and the melancholy spleen: the phenomenology of perceptions in Chinese culture." _Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry_ 14:21-58.

Pillsbury, Barbara L.K. 1978. "‘Doing the Month’: Confinement and Convalescence of Chinese Women after Childbirth." _Soc. Sci. & Med_. 12:11-22.

Porkert, Manfred. 1982. "The Difficult Task of Blending Chinese and Western Science: The Case of Modern Interpretations of Traditional Chinese Medicine." In Li Guohao et al eds., pp. 553-572.

____. 1977. "Epistemological Fashions in Interpreting Disease." _Nihon ishigaku zasshi_, 23, 1:1-18.

____. 1974. _The Theoretical Foundations of Chinese Medicine: Systems of Correspondence_. MIT East Asian Science series, vol. 3. Cambridge, Mass. The MIT Press.

____; and Christian Ullmann. 1982. _Chinese Medicine as a Scientific System: Its History, Philosophy and Practice, and How it Fits with the Medicine of the West_. Translated and adapted by Mark Howson. New York: An Owl Book Henry Holt and Company.

Potter, Jack M. 1974. "Cantonese shamanism." In Arthur Wolf, ed., _Religion and Ritual in Chinese Society_ (Stanford University Press) pp. 207-31.

Schipper, Kristofer. 1993. _The Taoist Body_. Translated by Karen C. Duval. Berkeley: University of California Press. Original, _Le corps taoiste_. Paris: Fayard, 1982.

____. 1978. "The Taoist Body." _History of Religions_ 17:355-386.

____. 1985. "Seigneurs royaux, deux des epidemies." _Archives de sciences sociales des religions_ 59.1:31-40.

Sivin, Nathan. 1995. "Text and experience in classical Chinese medicine." In Don Bates, ed., _Knowledge and the scholarly medical traditions_, pp. 177-204.

____. 1993. "Huang-ti nei ching" In Michael Loewe, ed. _Early Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide_ Berkeley: Society for the Study of Early China, Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, pp. 196-215.

____. 1988. "Science and Medicine in Imperial China - The State of the Field." _Journal of Asian Studies_ 47.1: 41-90.

____. 1987. "Introductory Study." Essay in _Traditional Medicine in Contemporary China_, pp. 3-202. Science, Medicine, and Technology in East Asia series, vol. 2. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies.

____. 1978. "On the Word ‘Taoist’ as a Source of Perplexity. With Special Reference to the Relations of Science and Religion in Traditional China." _History of Religions_ 17: 303-330.

____. 1977. "Social Relations of Curing in Traditional China: Preliminary Considerations." _Nihon ishigaku zasshi_ 23.4: 505-532 [1-28].

____. 1973. "Li Shih-chen." In Charles C. Gillispie ed., _Dictionary of Scientific Biography_, pp. 390-398. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Skar, Lowell. 1995. "Ethical Aspects of Daoist Healing: The Case of Song and Yuan Thunder Rites." In Hashimoto et al., eds., _East Asian Science: Tradition and Beyond_, pp. 221-229.

Strickmann, Michel. 1979. "On the Alchemy of T’ao Hung-ching." In Holmes Welch and Anna K. Seidel, eds., _Facets of Taoism: Essays in Chinese Religion_, pp. 123-192. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Thompson, Lawrence G. 1990. "Medicine and Religion in late Ming China." _Journal of Chinese Religions_ 18:45-59.

Topley, Margaret. 1974. "Cosmic antagonism: A mother-child syndrome." In Arthur P. Wolf, ed., _Religions and Ritual in Chinese Society_ (Stanford University Press), pp. 233-44.

____. 1970. "Chinese Traditional Ideas and the Treatment of Disease: Two Examples from Hong Kong." _Man_ 5, no. 3.

____. 1963. "Chinese traditional etiology and methods of cure in Hong Kong," In Charles Leslie, ed. (1963): 243-71.

Twitchett, Denis. 1979. "Population and Pestilence in T’ang China." _Studia Sino- Mongolica_ 25. Festschrift for Herbert Franke. Weisbaden: Franz Steiner Verlang, 35- 68.

Widmer, Ellen. 1995. "The _Huanduzhai_ of Hangzhou and Suzhou: A Study in Seventeenth-Century Publishing." _Harvard Journal of Asian Studies_ 60:77-122.

Wolf, Margery. 1990. "The Woman who did not become a shaman." _American Ethnologist_ 17.3:419-30.

Wu Yiyi. 1994. "A Medical Line of Many Masters: A Prosopographical Study of Liu Wansu and His Disciples from the Jin to the Early Ming." _Chinese Science_ 11:36-65.

Unschuld, Paul U. 1987. "Traditional Chinese Medicine: Some Historical and Epistemological Reflections." _Social Science and Medicine_, 24, 12: X-X.

____. 1986. _Medicine in China. A History of Pharmaceutics_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

____. 1985. _Medicine in China. A History of Ideas_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

____. 1980. "Concepts of Illness in Ancient China: the Case of Demonological Medicine." _Journal of Medicine and Philosophy_ 5, 2:117-32.

____. 1979. _Medical Ethics in Imperial China: a Study in Historical Anthropology_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Yamada Keiji. 1979. "The Formation of the Huang-ti nei-ching." _Acta Asiatica_, Special Issue: Studies in the History of Chinese Science, 36:67-89.

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Western Medicine in China

Adas, Michael. 1989. _Machines as the Measure of Men: Science, Technology, and Ideologies of Western Dominance_. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Bowers, John Z. 1972. _Western Medicine in a Chinese Palace: Peking Union Medical College, 1917-1951_. Philadelphia: The Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation.

Brown, Richard E. 1982. "Rockefeller Medicine in China: Professionalism and Imperialism." In Robert Arnove, ed., _Philanthropy and Cultural Imperialism_.

Bullock, Mary Brown. 1980. _An American Transplant: the Rockefeller Foundation and Peking Union Medical College_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Cassedy, James H. 1974. "Early Uses of Acupuncture in the United States." _Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine_ 50, 8.

Croizier, Ralph. 1968. _Traditional Medicine in Modern China: Science, Nationalism, and the Tensions of Cultural Change_. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Fan Hsing-chun. 1944. "La medicine occidental en Chine vers la fin de Ming (1644)." _Bulletin de l’Université l’Aurore_, Serie III, 5.3:671-684.

Ferguson, Mary E. 1970. _China Medical Board and Peking Union Medical College, a chronicle of fruitful collaboration 1914-1951_. New York: China Medical Board of New York.

Gernet, Jacques. 1985 [1982]. _China and the Christian Impact: A Conflict of Cultures_. Janet Lloyd, translator.

____. 1980. "Christian and Chinese Visions of the World in the Seventeenth Century." _Chinese Science_ 4:1-18.

Gordon, C.A. 1884. _An Epitome of the Reports of the Medical Officers of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service from 1871-1882_. London: Bailliere.

Gulick, Edward V. 1973. _Peter Parker and the Opening of China_. Harvard.

Haas, William. 1988. "Transplanting Botany to China: The Cross-Cultural Experiences of Chen Huanyong." Arnoldian 48.2:9-25.

Henderson, Gail; and Myron S. Cohen. 1984. _The Chinese Hospital_. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Horn, Joshua S. 1969. _Away With All Pests: An English Surgeon in People's China: 1954-1969_. New York/London: Monthly Review Press.

Hume, Edward. 1975 [1940]. _The Chinese Way in Medicine_.

____. 1949 [1946]. _Doctors East, Doctors West_.

Jamison, Dean T. et al. 1984. _The Health Sector in China_. Washington.

Lampton, David. 1977. _The Politics of Medicine in China_. Boulder: Westview Press.

MacPherson, Kerrie L. 1987. _A Wilderness of Marshes: The Origins of Public Health in Shanghai_, 1843-1893. East Asian Historical Series. HongKong/Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Minden, Karen. 1994. _Bamboo Stone: The Evolution of a Chinese Medical Elite_. Toronto/ Buffalo/London: University of Toronto Press.

____. 1987. "The Multiplication of Ourselves: Canadian Medical Missionaries in West China." In Ruth Hayhoe and Marianne Bastid, eds., _China’s Education and the Industrialized World: Studies in Cultural Transfer_. (Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe):139-157.

Risse, Guenter B. 1983. _Modern China and Traditional Chinese Medicine_. Illinois:

Sander, Gilman L. 1986. "Lam Qua and the Development of a Westernized Medical Iconography in China." _Medical History_ 30.

Schneider, Lawrence. 1982. "The Rockefeller Foundation, The China Foundation, and Development of Modern Science in China." _Social Science and Medicine_ 16:1212- 21.

Sidel, Victor; and Ruth Sidel. 1982. _The Health of China_. Boston.

Spence, Jonathan. 1986 [1969]. _To Change China: Western Advisors in China, 1620-1960_. New York: Penguin Books. (Includes chapters on Peter Parker, Edward Hume, and Norman Bethune).

Swislocki, Mark. 1992. "The Politics of Health in Nineteenth-Century China: The Extensions of Christian Medical Authority in Guangzhou 1835-1851." Bachelor’s Thesis, Division of History and the Social Sciences, Reed College.

Tucker, Sara. 1990. "Opportunities for Women: The Development of Professional Women’s Medicine at Canton, China, 1879-1901." In _Western Women and Imperialism_, a special issue of _Women’s Studies International Forum_ 13, 4:357-368.

____. 1989. "A Mission for Change in China: The Hackett Women’s Medical Center of Canton, China." In Leslie Flemming, ed. _Women’s Work for Women: Missionaries and Social Change in Asia_. Boulder: Westview Press.

Yip Ka-che. 1996. _Health and National Reconstruction in Nationalist China: The Development of Modern Health Services, 1928-1937_. Ann Arbor, Michigan: The Association for Asian Studies.

____. 1982. "Science, Medicine, and Public Health in Twentieth-Century China: Health and Society in China: Public Health Education for the Community, 1912-1937." _Soc. Sci. Med_. 16:1197-1205.

Yuet-wah Cheung. 1988. _Missionary Medicine in China: A Study in Two Canadian Protestant Missions in China before 1935_. New York, Lanham, and London: The Chinese University of Hong Kong.

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Translations of Chinese Medical Texts

Despeux, Catherine. 1988. _La Moelle du Phénix Rouge: Santé et longue vie dans la Chine du XVIe siècle_. Paris: Guy Tredaniel

____. 1986. _Prescriptions D’Acuponcture Valant Mille Onces d’Or. Traité d’Acuponcture de Sun Simiao du VIIe siècle_. Paris: Guy Tredaniel.

____. 1985. _Shanghan lun. Traité des "Coups de Froid_." Paris: La Tisserande.

Flaws, Bob and Zhang Ting-liang, trans. 1995. _A Handbook of Traditional Chinese Gynecology_. Boulder, CO: Blue Poppy Press. (Translation of a modern TCM gynecology textbook, Song Guang-ji and Yu Xiao-zhen, _Zhongyi fuke shouce_Hangzhou: Zhejiang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1985.)

Hsu, Hong-Yen and William Preacher. 1981. _Shang Han Lun: The Great Classic of Chinese Medicine_. Long Beach, CA: Oriental Healing Arts Institute.

Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province. 1977. _A Barefoot Doctor’s Manual: A Guide to Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine_. Prepared by the Revolutionary Health Committee of Hunan Province. Translated into English by Titus Yu. Revised and Enlarged Edition. Seattle: Madrona Publishers.

Larre, Claude S.J.; Elisabeth Rochat de la Vallee, translators. 1995. _Rooted in Spirit, The Heart of Chinese Medicine: A sinological interpretation of Chapter Eight of Huangdi Neijing Lingshu_. Translated from the French by Sarah Stang. Barrytown, N.Y.: Station Hill Press.

____. Translators. 1992. _Chinese Medicine From The Classics: The Secret Treatise of the Spiritual Orchid: Suwen chapter 8_. London: Monkey Press. First edition, 1987.

Transcribed from a seminar organized by Peter Firebrace (series editor) for the International Register of Oriental Medicine (UK), 1985-87. Others in same series include _The Liver_ (1994), _Heart Master, Triple Heater_ (1992), _The Heart in Ling Shu Chapter 8_ (1991), _Spleen and Stomach_ (1990), _The Lung_ (1989), _The Kidneys_ (1989), and _The Way of Heaven: Su Wen Chapters 1 and 2_.

Luo Xiwen, translator. 1987. _Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber (Jinkui yaolue fanglun): A Classic of Traditional Chinese Medicine_. Beijing: New World Press. (Superficial translation.)

____; and Shi Jizhao, translators. 1986. _Treatise on Febrile Diseases Caused by Cold (Shanghan lun): A Classic of Traditional Chinese Medicine_. Beijing: New World Press. (Superficial translation.)

McKnight, Brian E., Translator. 1981. _The Washing Away of Wrongs: Forensic Medicine in Thirteenth-Century China_. By Song Ci. Science, Medicine, & Technology in East Asia 1. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Center for Chinese Studies.

Ni, Maoshing, translator. 1995. _The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Medicine. A New Translation of the Neijing Suwen with commentary_. Boston and London: Shambhala Publications. (Author adds in translation material not in original text.)

Sivin, Nathan. 1987. Traditional Medicine in Contemporary China. Science, Medicine, & Technology in East Asia, Vol. 2. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Center of Chinese Studies. (Translation of a 1977 textbook on Chinese medicine with an introductory essay.)

Unschuld, Paul U. 1994. _Learn to Read Chinese: An Introduction to the Language and Concepts of Current Zhongyi Literature_. 2 Vols. Brookline, Mass.: Paradigm Publications.

____. 1990. _Forgotten Traditions of Ancient Chinese Medicine: A Chinese View from the Eighteenth Century_. Brookline, Mass.: Paradigm Publications. (Translation of Xu Dachun's classic _Yixue yuanliu lun_ of 1757. The original Chinese text is also included with the translation.)

____. 1989. _Approaches to Ancient Chinese Medical Literature_. Proceedings of an International Symposium on Translation Methodologies and Terminologies. Dordrecht, Holland: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht Publishers.

____. 1988. _Introductory Readings in Classical Chinese Medicine: Sixty Texts with Vocabulary and Translation, a Guide to Research Aids and a General Glossary_. Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

____. 1986. _Nan-ching: The Classic of Difficult Issues_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Unschuld, Paul and J. Kovacs, translators. 1995. Subtleties on the Silver Sea. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Veith, Ilza, translator. 1972. _The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine_. Chapters 1-34. Berkeley: University of California Press. First edition, 1949.

Ware, James R. 1966. _Alchemy, Medicine, Religion in China of A.D. 320: The Nei P’ien of Ko Hung (Pao-p’u tzu nei p’ien)_. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.

Wile, Douglas. 1992. _Art of the Bedchamber: The Chinese Sexual Yoga Classics. Including Women’s Solo Meditation Texts_. New York: SUNY Press.

Wu Jing-Nuan, translator. 1993. _Ling Shu or The Spiritual Pivot_. Asian Spirituality, Taoist Studies Series. Washington, D.C.: The Taoist Center. Distributed by University of Hawaii Press.

Yang Shou-zhong, translator. 1993. _The Heart and Essence of Dan-xi’s Methods of Treatment_. By Zhu Danxi. Boulder: Blue Poppy Press.

____. 199?. _The Systematic Classic of Acupuncture/Moxibustion_. By Huangfu Mi. Boulder: Blue Poppy Press.

____; and Duan Wujin, translators. 1994. _Extra Treatises Based On Investigation & Inquiry: A Translation of Zhu Dan-xi’s Ge Zhi Yu Lun_. By Zhu Danxi. Boulder: Blue Poppy Press.

____; and Li Jian-yong. 1993. _Li Dong-yuan’s Treatise on the Spleen & Stomach, A Translation of the Pi Wei Lun_. By Li Donghuan. Boulder: Blue Poppy Press.

____; and Liu Da-wei, translators. 1995 _Fu Qingzhu's Gynecology_. Boulder: Blue Poppy Press. (Translation of _Fu Qingzhu Nüke_, one of the major Qing works on women's medicine, first published in 1827.)

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Chinese Materia Medica and Botany

Bray, Francesca. 1988. "Essence et utilité: la classification des plantes cultivées en Chine." _Extrême-Orient-Extrême-Occident_ 10:13- 27.

Bretschneider, Emile. 1881-95. "Botanicum Sinicum: Notes on Chinese Botany from Native and Western Sources." _Journal of the North China Branch, Royal Asiatic Society_, Vols. 16, 25, 29. Facsimile reprints, Tokyo, 1937; Nendeln, Lichtenstein, 1967.

____. 1870. "The Study and Value of Chinese Botanical Works." _Chinese Recorder_3:157-63.

Cheung, S.C. et al. 1983. "An Introduction to Pen-ts’ao Study." In _Pen-ts’ao yen- chiu ju men_. Hong Kong: Chung wen ta-hsueh.

Cooper, William; Nathan Sivin. 1973. "Man as Medicine: Pharmacological and Ritual Aspects of Traditional Therapy Using Drugs Derived from the Human Body." In S. Nakayama and N. Sivin eds. _Chinese Science: Explorations of an Ancient Tradition_, pp. 203-272. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Funder, Stephen. 1990 [1980]. _The Tao of Medicine: Ginseng and Other Chinese Herbs for Inner Equilibrium and Immune Power_. Rochester, VT: Healing Arts Press.

Hsu, Hong-yen; William G. Preacher. 1982. _Chinese Herb Medicine and Therapy_. New Canaan, CT; Keats Publishing, Inc. Long Beach, Ca: Oriental Healing Arts Institute.

Hu Shiu-ying. 1980. _An Enumeration of Chinese Materia Medica_. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press.

Keys, John. 1981. _Chinese Herbs: Their Botany, Chemistry, and Pharmacodynamics_. Rutland, Vermont; Tokyo, Japan: Charles E. Tuttle Company.

Ma Tai-loi. 1978. "The Authenticity of the Nan-fang Ts’ao-mu Chuang." _T’oung Pao_64, nos. 4-5:218-252.

Miyasita, Saburo. 1976. "A Historical Study of Chinese Drugs for the Treatment of Jaundice." _American Journal of Chinese Medicine_ 4, no. 3: 239-43. (Part of a series of essays (1976-80) on historical changes in drugs of choice for various remedies.)

____. 1977. "A Historical Analysis of Chinese Formularies and Prescriptions: Three Examples." _Nihon ishigaku zasshi_ 23.2:283-300.

____. 1979. "Malaria (yao) in Chinese Medicine during the Chin and Yuan Periods." _Acta Asiatica_, Issue: Studies in the History of Chinese Science 36: 90-112.

____. 1980. "An Historical Analysis of Chinese Drugs in the Treatment of Hormonal Diseases, Goitre, and Diabetes Mellitus." _American Journal of Chinese Medicine_8.1:17- 25.

Needham, Joseph. 1968. "The Development of Botanical Taxonomy in Chinese Culture." _Actes du douxi"me congr"s international d’histoire des sciences_. Paris. 127- 33.

____; Lu Gwei-djen. 1968. "The Esculentist Movement in Medieval Chinese Botany: Studies on Wild (Emergency) Food Plants." _Extrait des Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Sciences XXII_, no. 84/85: 225-48.

Read, Bernard E. 1931-1942. _Chinese Materia Medica_. Beijing.

____; C. Pak. 1936. _A Compendium of Minerals and Stones Used in Chinese Medicine From the Pen Ts’ao Kang Mu ... of Li Shih Chen ... 1597 A.D_. Beijing.

Smith, F. Porter. 1911 [1969]. _Chinese Materia Medica. Vegetable Kingdom_. Revised edition (ed. by G.A. Stuart), Shanghai. Reprint (ed. Ph. Daven Wei), Taipei.

Unschuld, Paul. 1982. "Ma-wang-tui Materia Medica: A Comparative Analysis of Early Chinese Pharmaceutical Knowledge." _Zinbun_ 18:11-63.

Unschuld, Ulrike. 1977. "Traditional Chinese Pharmacology: An Analysis of its Development in the Thirteenth Century." _Isis_ 68:224-248.

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Traditional Chinese Medicine: popular introductions to practice

Beinfield, Harriet; and Efrem Korngold, eds. 1991. _Between Heaven and Earth: A Guide to Chinese Medicine_. New York: Ballantine Books.

Kaptchuk, Ted; and Michael Croucher. 1987. _The Healing Arts: Exploring the Medical Ways of the World_. New York: Summit Books.

____. 1983. _The Web that has no Weaver: Understanding Chinese Medicine_. New York: Cogdon & Weed.

Koo, Linda C. 1982. _Nourishment of Life: Health in Chinese Society_. HongKong: Commercial Press.

Lu, Henry C. Liu. 1986. _Chinese System of Food Cures: Prevention and Remedies_. New York: Sterling Publishing Co., Inc.

Reid, Daniel. 1995. _A Handbook of Chinese Healing Herbs_. Boston: Shambala.

____. 1994. _The Complete Book of Chinese Health and Healing: Guarding the Three Treasures_. Boston: Shambhala.

Ryan, Mary Kay; and Arthur D. Shattuck. 1994. _Treating Aids with Chinese Medicine_. Berkeley, CA: Pacific View Press.

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Traditional Chinese Medicine: clinical textbooks for practitioners

Bensky, Dan; and Andrew Gamble. 1993. _Chinese Herbal Medicine: Materia Medica_. Revised edition. Seattle: Eastland Press. First edition, 1986.

____; and Randall Barelet. 1990. _Chinese Herbal Medicine: Formulas and Strategies_. Seattle: Eastland Press. First edition, 1986.

Cheng, Xinnong, et al. eds. 1993. _Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion_. Beijing: Foreign Language Press. First edition, 1987.

Flaws, Bob. 1993. _Fire in the Valley: The TCM Diagnosis and Treatment of Vaginal Diseases_ Boulder, CO: Blue Poppy Press. (Includes citations and translations from classical texts.)

____; 1993. _Path of Pregnancy_ 2 vols. Boulder, CO: Blue Poppy Press. Volume I is subtitled _A Handbook of Traditional Chinese Gestational and Birthing Diseases_. Volume II is subtitled: _A Handbook of Traditional Chinese Postpartum Diseases_.

____; 1992. _My Sister the Moon: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Menstrual Diseases by Traditional Chinese Medicine_. Boulder, CO: Blue Poppy Press.

Maciocia, Giovanni. 1995. _Tongue Diagnosis in Chinese Medicine_. Revised Edition. Seattle: Eastland Press.

____. 1994. _The Practice of Chinese Medicine: The Treatment of Diseases with Acupuncture & Chinese Herbs_. London/New York: Churchill Livingston Press.

____. 1989. _The Foundations of Chinese Medicine: A Comprehensive Text for Acupuncturists and Herbalists_. London/New York: Churchill Livingston Press.

Qiu, Maoting, ed. 1993. _Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion_. London/New York/Tokyo: Churchill Livingston Press. (English version of Cheng Xinnong, 1987 Beijing Foreign Language Press edition.)

Wiseman, Nigel; Andrew Ellis; and Paul Zmiewski, eds. 1990. _Fundamentals of Chinese Medicine_. Brookline, Mass.: Paradigm Publications. First edition, 1985.

____; and Ken Boss, compilers. 1990. _Glossary of Chinese Medical Terms and Acupuncture Points_. Brookline, Mass.: Paradigm Publications.

____; Andrew Ellis; and Ken Boss. 1989. _Grasping The Wind: An Exploration into the Meaning of Chinese Acupuncture Point Names_. Brookline, Mass.: Paradigm Publications.

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T'ai Chi Ch'uan translated texts and practice

Cheng, Man-ch'ing. 1962. _T'ai Chi Ch'uan: A Simplified Method of Calisthenics for Health and Self-defense_. Translated by Beason Tseng. Taipei: Shih Chung T'ai-chi Ch'uan Center. Reprint Berkeley: North Atlantic Press, 1981.

Cheng, Man-ch'ing, with Robert Smith. 1967. _T'ai Chi_. Tokyo, Japan/Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle, Publishers.

Despeux, Catherine. 1976. _T’ai-ki K’iuan technique de longue vie, technique de combat_. Paris: College de France, Institut des Hautes Etudes Chinoises.

Draeger, Donn F. and Robert Smith. 1969. _Asian Fighting Arts_. New York: Berkeley Publishing Corporation.

Eisenberg, David with Thomas Lee Wright. 1985. _Encounters with Qi: Exploring Chinese Medicine_. New York: Penguin Books.

____. 1993. "The Mystery of Chi: Medicine in a Mind/Body Culture and Another Way of Seeing," In Bill Moyers ed., _Healing and the Mind_, pp. 251-314. New York: Doubleday.

Huang, Chuangliang Al. 1987. _Embrace Tiger, Return to Mountain: The Essence of Taiji_. Berkeley: Celestial Arts.

Jou, Tsung hwa. 1980. _The Tao of Ta’i Chi Ch’uan_. Rutland, Vermont/Tokyo, Japan: Charles E. Tuttle, Publishers.

Klein, Robert. 1990. _Movements of Magic and Movements of Power_. Newcastle, England. First edition, 1984.

Liang, T.T. 1977. _T’ai Chi Ch’uan for Health and Self-defense: Philosophy and Practice_. Vintage Press. (Covers philosophy, commentary, and the T’ai Chi classics.)

Liu, Da. 1991. _The Tao of Health and Longevity_. Revised and Expanded Edition. New York: Paragon House.

Lo, Benjamin, et al., translators. 1979. _The Essence of T’ai Chi Ch’uan: The Literary Tradition_. Berkeley: North Atlantic Press. (Translation of the T’ai Chi classics with an introduction and glossary.)

Lo, Benjamin, and Robert Smith, translators. 1985. _The Main Treatise on T’ai Chi Ch’uan_. Berkeley: North Atlantic Press. (Translation of Chen Wei-ming, _T’ai Chi Ch’uan Ta Wen (Shanghai, 1929)_.)

Lo, Benjamin Pang-Jeng, and Martin Inn, translators. 1985. _Cheng Tzu’s Thirteen Chapters on T’ai Chi Ch’uan_ (Cheng-tzu t’ai chi ch’uan shih-san p’ien). Berkeley: North Atlantic Books. (Translations of Cheng Man-qing’s writings).

Lowenthal, Wolfe. 1991. _There Are No Secrets: Professor Cheng Man-ch’ing’s T’ai Chi Ch’uan_. Berkeley: North Atlantic Press. (Account of author’s study with Professor Cheng and personal growth through T’ai Chi Ch’uan practice).

Shih, Tzu Kuo. 1994. _Qi Gong Therapy: The Chinese Art of Healing with Energy_. Edited by Charles Stein. Barryton, New York: Station Hill Press.

Wile, Douglas, translator. 1983. _T’ai Chi Touchstones: Yang Family Secret Transmission_. Brooklyn: Sweet Ch’i Press. Collection of materials from the various publications by the Yang family.

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Journals and Newsletters of Interest

_Chinese Science_. Published irregularly since 1977. Annually since 1993. 13 issues to date. Benjamin Elman, editor. Center for Chinese Studies, University of California, Los Angeles. 90024-1487.

_IASTAM_ (International Association for the Study of Traditional Asian Medicine). Published yearly since 1979. Charles Nuckolls, ed. Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.

_The Journal of Chinese Medicine_. Published biannually. 19 Compton Avenue, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 3PP England. Jasmine Uddin, editor.

_European Journal of Oriental Medicine_. Published monthly. North American Distributor Eastland Press, 119 First Avenue South, Suite 400, Seattle, Washington 98104. Peter Deadman, editor.

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Medicine in Japan: History and Anthropology

Ariyoshi, Sawako. 1978. _The Doctor’s Wife_. Tokyo/New York: Kodansha International. Wakako Hironaka and Ann Silver Kostant, translators.

Beukers, H., et al. 1991. _Red-Hair Medicine: Dutch-Japanese Medical Relations_. Amsterdam, Rodopi.

Bowers, John Z. 1965. _Medical Education in Japan: From Chinese Medicine to Western Medicine_. New York: Hoeber Medical Division, Harper and Row.

____. 1970. _Western Medical Pioneers in Feudal Japan_. Published for the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press.

Farris, W.W. 1993. "Diseases of the Premodern Period in Japan, 500-1600." In Kenneth Kiple, ed., _The Cambridge History and Geography of Human Disease_, pp. 376-385.

Fujikawa, Yu. 1978. _Japanese Medicine_. New York, AMS Press. (Reprint of 1913 _Geschichte der Medizin in Japan_. New York, Paul B. Hoeber Inc., 1934, John Runrah, translator.)

Hurst, G. Cameron. "Michinaga’s Maladies." _Monumenta Nipponica_, 34:101-112.

Jannetta, Ann Bowman. 1993. "Diseases of the Premodern Period in Japan." In Kenneth Kiple, ed. _The Cambridge History and Geography of Human Disease_, pp. 385-89.

____. 1987. _Epidemics and Mortality in Early Modern Japan_. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Johnston, William. 1987. "Disease, Medicine, and the State: A Social History of Tuberculosis in Japan, 1850-1950." Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University.

____. 1995. _The Modern Epidemic: A History of Tuberculosis in Japan_. Harvard East Asian Monographs, 162. Council on East Asian Studies. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

Kuriyama, Shigehisa. 1992. "Between Mind and Eye: Japanese Anatomy in the Eighteenth Century." In Leslie and Young, eds., _Paths to Asian Medical Knowledge_, pp. 21-43.

La Fleur, William. 1989. "Hungry Ghosts and Hungry People: Somaticity and Rationality in Medieval Japan." In Michael Feher, ed. _Fragments for a History of the Human Body, Part One_, pp. 270-303. New York: Zone Publications.

Lock, Margaret M. 1993. _Encounters with Aging: Mythologies of Menopause in Japan and North America_. Berkeley: University of California Press.

____. 1993. "The Politics of Mid-Life and Menopause: Ideologies for the Second Sex in North America and Japan." In Shirley Lindenbaum & Margaret Lock, eds., _Knowledge, Power, & Practice: The Anthropology of Medicine and Everyday Life_, pp. 330-363. Comparative Studies of Health Systems and Medical Care Series no. 36. Berkeley: University of California Press.

____. 1990. "Rationalization of Japanese herbal medication: the hegemony of orchestrated pluralism." _Human Organization_ 49.1:41-47.

____. 1988. "New Japanese mythologies: faltering discipline and the ailing housewife in Japan." _American Ethnologist_ 15:43-61.

____. 1987. "Protests of a Good Wife and Wise Mother: Medicalization of Distress in Japan." In Norbeck and Lock, eds., _Health, Illness, and Medical Care in Japan_.

____. 1980. _East Asian Medicine in Urban Japan_. In Charles Leslie, ed., Comparative Studies of Health Systems and Medical Care Series, no. 4. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Ohnuki-Tierney, Emiko. 1984. _Illness and Culture in Contemporary Japan: an anthropological view_. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Picone, Mary. "The Ghost in the Machine: Religious Healing and Representations of the Body in Japan." In Michael Feher, ed., _Fragments for a History of the Human Body, Part Two (New York: Zone Publications): 499-489.

Rosenberger, Nancy R. 1987. "Productivity, Sexuality, and Ideologies of Menopausal Problems in Japan: In Norbeck and Lock, eds.,_ Health, Illness, and Medical Care in Japan_.

Ruch, Barbara. 1992. "Coping With Death: Paradigms of Heaven and Hell and the Six Realms in Early Literature and Painting." In J. Sanford, W. La Fleur, and M. Nagatomi, eds. _Flowing Traces_, pp. 93-130. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Sakai Shizu. 1977. "A History of Opthalmology Before the Opening of Japan." _Nihon ishigaku zasshi_, 23.1:19-43.

Sanford, James. 1988. "The Nine Faces of Death." _Eastern Buddhist_ 21.2:54-77.

Tanba Yasuyori. 1986. _The Essentials of Medicine in Ancient China and Japan: Yasuyori Tanba’s Ishimpô_. Emil C.H. Hsia, Ilza Veith and Robert H. Geertsma, translators. 2 vols. (Part one has translations of books 1 and 2, Part two translates books 26, 27, and 28.) Leiden, Holland: E.J. Brill.

Taramoto, John. 1994. "Yamai no zôshi." Ph.D. diss., University of Michigan.

Tatsukawa Shoji. "Diseases of Antiquity in Japan." In Kenneth Kiple, ed. _The Cambridge History and Geography of Human Diseases_, pp. 373-376.

Veith, Ilza. 1964. "European Impressions of Japanese Medicine during the Tokugawa Period." _Nihon ishigaku zasshi_, 10.4:76-94.

Weik, John F. 1981. "Majima Seigan and the Myôgen-in Tradition: The Origins of Ophthalmology in Japan." In Harold Bolitho and Alan Rix, eds. _A Northern Prospect_, 1-9. Sydney: Japanese Studies Association of Australia.

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Korean Medicine: Anthropology

Guise, Richard W.I., Yu Chai-shin, eds. 1988. _Shamanism: The Spirit World of Korea_. Berkeley, CA: Asian Humanities Press.

Kendall, Laurel. 1988. _The Life and Hard Times of a Korean Shaman: Of Tales and the Telling of Tales_. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

____. 1985. _Shamans, Housewives, and Other Restless Spirits: Women in Korean Ritual Life_. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

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